Only 1 Minute.
Today the Topic of My article is
"A Visit to the Jewish Ghettos in Europe."
A Vagabond Diary.
(The Picture as Above is monument for the Jews who got killed and tortured in this Ghetto).
Want to tell you that it was not a pleasant Visit of Ghetto,I was feeling that still the cries of these jews childrens and women are screaming in the my surrounding .It was really hard experience.
Firstly Tell you that what is Ghetto.
A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially because of social, legal, or economic pressure.The term was originally used in Venice to describe the part of a city to which Jews were restricted.
Etymology :
Dictionaries list a number of possible origins for the originally Italian term, including "gheto" or "ghet", which means slag or waste in Venetian, and was used in this sense in a reference to a foundry where slag was stored located on the same island as the area of Jewish confinement (the Venetian Ghetto), and borghetto, diminutive of borgo 'borough'.
As Jewish ghettos in Europe existed because Jews were viewed as foreigners due to their non-Christian beliefs and Middle-Eastern origins in a Renaissance Christian environment. As a result, Jews were placed under strict regulations throughout many European cities.
The Map as Under is the Detail of Jews Ghettos in Europe.
The distribution of the Jews in Central Europe (1881, German). Percentage of local population: dark burgundy 18% (and higher), red 13%, pink 9%, blue 4%, light blue 3%, brown 2%, beige 1% (and lower).
Historic Jewish ghettos in Europe by country :
I want to tell you the Countries in which these ghettos were made by there names.This list is Incomplete but how much I know about that i will let you know.Later on I will add more,When get more information.The List is Very big,I am telling you a little.1.Austria (Leopoldstadt, Wien).
2.Belgium (Joods Antwerpen, Antwerp)
3. Belarus( Zhetel ghetto, Dzyatlava )
4.Czech Republic (Josefov, Prague)
5.France(Le Marais, Paris)
6.Germany (Frankfurt)
7. Poland(The Holocaust,Łódź/Litzmannstadt Ghetto ) ,Small Ghetto (Heidemühle, Koło, Będzin.)
8.Hungary (Erzsébetváros, Budapest)
9.Italy(ome ancient Ghettos in Piedmont, where Judæo-Piedmontese (a kind of Piedmontese language with Hebrew words was spoken): Turin, Moncalvo, Vercelli, Casale Monferrato, Alessandria, Asti, Ivrea, Carmagnola, Bra, Nicastro)
10.Rome or Roman Ghetto (Ancient ,In 1555, Pope Paul IV issued papal bull Cum nimis absurdum which created the Roman Ghetto, forcing Jews of Rome to live in a part of the rione Sant'Angelo of Rome)
11.Venice (History Evidence indicating the presence of Jews in the Venetian area dating back to the first few centuries A.D., during the 15th and early 16th centuries (until 1516),)
12.Mantua (From 1610,Gonzagas Mantua)
13.Southern Italy and Sicily
14.Poland
15.Spain (Call Jueu de Girona, Girona)
16.The Netherlands, Jodenbreestraat ("Jewish Broad Street"), Amsterdam
17.Turkey (Balat, European Istanbul)
18.United Kingdom (1.East End of London.2.Sedgley Park, near Manchester .3.Gorbals, Glasgow historically.)
The Minsk Ghetto was created soon after the German invasion of the Polish Soviet Union Part. It was one of the largest in Eastern Europe, and the largest in the German-occupied territory of the Polish Soviet Union. It housed close to 100,000 Jews, most of whom perished in The Holocaust.
History :
The census of 1926 showed 53,700 Jews living in this area.(constituting close to 41% of the city's inhabitants).The ghetto was created soon after the German invasion of the Polish Soviet Union and capture of the city , capital of the SSR, on 28 June 1941. On the fifth day after the occupation, 2,000 Jewish intelligentsia were massacred by the Germans; from then on, murders of Jews became a common occurrence.About 20,000 Jews were murdered within the first few months of the German occupation, mostly by the Einsatzgruppen squads.
On 17 July 1941 the German occupational authority, the Reichskommissariat Ostland, was created. On the 20th, this Ghetto was established. A Jewish Council (Judenrat) was established as well. The total population of the ghetto was about 80,000 (over 100,000 according to some sources), of which about 50,000 were pre-war inhabitants, the remainder (30,000 or more), refugees and Jews were forcibly resettled by the Germans from nearby settlements.
In November 1941 a second ghetto was established here for Jews deported from the West. They were mostly from Germany and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia; at its height it had about 35,000 inhabitants.Little contact was permitted between the inhabitants of the two ghettos.
As in many other ghettos, Jews were forced to work in factories or other German-run operations. Ghetto inhabitants lived in extremely poor conditions, with insufficient stocks of food and medical supplies.
In March 1942 approximately 5,000 Jews were killed nearby where "The Pit" memorial to this ghetto now stands (I will share the picture of memorial in the next article). By August fewer than 9,000 Jews were left in the ghetto according to German official documents. The ghetto was liquidated on 21 October 1943,with many Jews perishing in the Sobibor extermination camp.Several thousands were massacred at Maly Trostenets extermination camp (before the war, Maly Trostenets was a village a few miles to the east of City). By the time the Red Army retook the city on 3 July 1944, there were only a few Jewish survivors.
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Regard.
Furqan Ali Khan.
15.03.2013
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thank you